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Cytokinesis is a process that is crucial for the proper functioning of both plant and animal cells. It is the process of dividing the cytoplasm of a single cell into two separate cells, which occurs after cell division. There are several key differences in the way that cytokinesis occurs in plant and animal cells, and understanding these differences is important for understanding how these cells function. Cytokinesis in animal cells: In animal cells, cytokinesis starts with the formation of a contractile ring around the cell. This ring is made up of actin filaments and myosin proteins, which contract and pinch the cell membrane inward. This gradually creates a deepening groove around the cell, known as the cleavage furrow. As the cleavage furrow deepens, it eventually separates the cell into two separate daughter cells. Cytokinesis in plant cells: In contrast to animal cells, cytokinesis in plant cells involves the formation of a cell plate. During telophase, small vesicles fuse together at the center of the cell, forming the cell plate. This cell plate then gradually grows outward, eventually reaching the cell membrane. It then fuses with the membrane, creating two separate cells. Differences between cytokinesis in plant and animal cells: One key difference between cytokinesis in plant and animal cells is the way that the cell membrane behaves. In animal cells, the membrane is pulled inward by the contractile ring. In plant cells, however, the membrane is expanded outward by the dividing cell plate. Another key difference is the presence of a cell wall in plant cells, which is not present in animal cells. This cell wall provides additional support and rigidity to the dividing cell, which may affect the way that the cell plate forms. Conclusion: In conclusion, cytokinesis is an essential process for the proper functioning of both plant and animal cells. Although the basic process of cytokinesis is similar in both types of cells, there are several key differences between the way that cytokinesis occurs in plant and animal cells. Understanding these differences is important for understanding how these cells function, and may have important applications in fields ranging from medicine to agriculture.
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